Введение. В статье выявлены исследовательские парадигмы интерпретации ранней философии Нисиды, представленные в англоязычных научных публикациях. Учение о чистом опыте характеризуется: а) содержательной близостью традициям дальневосточной, дзэн-буддийской мысли; б) отсутствием устойчивого внимания к текстам восточной философии; в) активной ассимиляцией понятий и принципов западных философских учений.
Содержание. Ранняя философия Нисиды в зарубежных публикациях интерпретируется в виде трех парадигм, две из них отмечены партикулярным характером, одна – межкультурного свойства. Первая парадигма видит раннюю философию Нисиды рецепцией западных философских концепций в Японии, вторая – представляет эту философию как форму развития идей буддийской дальневосточной философии, в третьей парадигме учение о чистом опыте интерпретируется в контексте диалога философских традиций Запада и Востока.
Выводы. Первая исследовательская парадигма сближает раннюю философию Нисиды с западной интеллектуальной традицией (эмпиризм, идеализм, мистицизм и др.), эта оценка вынесена на основе устойчивой практики использования японским мыслителем понятий и принципов западной философской культуры. Центральным выводом второй группы исследований представлено положение о содержательной близости учения о чистом опыте и дзэн-буддийской философии. Третий подход центрирует роль философии чистого опыта как функционального элемента, опосредующего диалог западных и восточных традиций путем создания нового философского языка. В статье подчеркнута актуальность третьей парадигмы, обусловленная возможностью разрешения противоречия между первыми двумя, а также ее корреляцией с учением Нисиды.
Introduction. The article identifies research paradigms for interpretation of Nishida’s early philosophy, presented in English-language scholar studies. The doctrine of pure experience is characterized by: a) substantial proximity to the traditions of Far Eastern, Zen Buddhist thought; b) lack of sustained attention to the texts of Eastern philosophy; c) active assimilation of Western philosophical teachings concepts and principles.
Content. Nishida's early philosophy is interpreted in foreign publications within the boundaries of three paradigms, two of them are marked by a particular character, one is of an intercultural nature. The first paradigm sees Nishida's early philosophy as a reception of Western philosophical concepts in Japan, the second one presents this philosophy as a form of development of the ideas of Buddhist Far Eastern philosophy, in the third paradigm the doctrine of pure experience is interpreted in the context of a dialogue between the West and the East philosophical traditions.
Conclusions. The first research paradigm brings Nishida's early philosophy closer to the Western intellectual tradition (empiricism, idealism, mysticism, etc.). The assessment is made on the basis of the Japanese thinker's steady practice of using the concepts and principles of Western philosophical culture. The central conclusion of the second group of studies is the position on the substantial closeness of the doctrine of pure experience and Zen Buddhist philosophy. The third approach focuses on the role of the philosophy of pure experience as a functional element mediating the dialogue between Western and Eastern traditions by creating a new philosophical language. The article emphasizes the relevance of the third paradigm due to the possibility of resolving the contradiction between the first two, as well as its correlation with Nishida's teachings.
Романенко Антон Сергеевич-
Ленинградский государственный университет имени А. С. Пушкина
Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация
anton24.1996@mail.ru
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12. Heisig, J. (2001) Philosophers of Nothingness: An Essay on the Kyoto School. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
13. Kasulis, T. (2017) Engaging Japanese Philosophy: A Short History. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
14. Kazashi, N. (2012) Metamorphoses of ‘Pure Experience’: Buddhist, Enactive and Historical Turns in Nishida. Education and the Kyoto School of Philosophy. Contemporary Philosophies and Theories in Education. Vol 1. Dordrecht: Springer. Pp. 77–90.
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16. Krummel, J. (2015) Nishida Kitar?'s Chiasmatic Chorology: Place of Dialectic, Dialectic of Place. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
17. Nakajima, Yuta. (2022) Pure Experience. Tetsugaku Companion to Nishida Kitar?. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
18. Odin, S. (2012) Whitehead on the ‘Rhythm of Education’ and Kitar? Nishida’s ‘Pure Experience’ as a Developing. Education and the Kyoto School of Philosophy. Contemporary Philosophies and Theories in Education. Vol 1. Dordrecht: Springer. Pp. 169–180.
19. Ogawa, Tadashi (1979) The Kyoto School of Philosophy and Phenomenology. Japanese Phenomenology. Analecta Husserliana. Vol 8. Dordrecht: Springer. Pp. 207–222.
20. Osaki, Harumi (2015) Pure experience in question: William James in the philosophies of Nishida Kitar? and Alfred North Whitehead. Philosophy East and West. Vol. 65. No. 4. Pp. 1234–1252.
21. Riepe, D. (1961) An Introduction to Nishida's Pure Radical Empiricism. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. Vol. 21. No. 4. Pp. 479–489.
22. Shimomura, Toratar?. (1960) Nishida Kitar? and Some Aspects of His Philosophical Thought. Nishida Kitar?. A Study of Good. Transl. by V. H. Vilhelmo. Tokyo: Printing Bureau, Japanese Government. Pp. 191–217.
23. Standish, P. (2012) Pure Experience and Transcendence Down. Education and the Kyoto School of Philosophy. Contemporary Philosophies and Theories in Education. Vol 1. Dordrecht: Springer. Pp. 19–26.
24. Takeuchi, Yoshinori (2004) The Philosophy of Nishida. The Buddha eye: an anthology of the Kyoto school and its contemporaries, ed. by Frederick Franck. New York: Crossroad. Pp. 183–208.
25. Tsurumi, Shunsuke (1951) An Experiment in Common Man's Philosophy. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. Vol. 12. No. 2. Pp. 246–264.
26. Viglielmo, V. (2015) Nishida Kitar?: The Early Years. Tradition and Modernization in Japanese Culture. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Pp. 507–562.
27. Wilkinson, R. (2009) Nishida and Western philosophy. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
28. Yusa, Michiko (1995) Reflections on Nishida Studies. The Eastern Buddhist. Vol. 28. No. 2. Pp. 287–296.
29. Yusa, Michiko (2002) Zen and Philosophy: An Intellectual Biography of Nishida Kitaro. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.